B.C. Around 1100, the Phoenicians began to establish the first settlements in Spanish territory. Celts and Greeks followed them. Spain later came under the rule of the Carthaginians. In 202 BC, the Romans expelled the Carthaginians from the Iberian Peninsula. From this date onwards, the Roman Empire ensured unity in Spain and over time introduced Christianity there. Muslims who came from Africa in 711 dominated Spain, except for a few regions in the north, from the 8th to the 10th centuries and founded the Andalusian civilization there. In the 11th century, Christians took advantage of the internal turmoil of this country and began to recapture the peninsula, starting from the north. In 1492, the last stronghold of Muslims, the Kingdom of Granada, was destroyed. In the same year, Christopher Columbus went on his famous voyage, where he discovered America, with the financial support of the Spanish monarch. This journey enabled Spain to establish one of the world’s largest colonial empires. Following the defeat of the Spanish Armada by the English navy in 1588, Spain weakened and began to collapse as a result of the fights over throne and religion. He lost Portugal in 1640, and some of his European lands and Gibraltar in 1714. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, all Spanish colonies in America gained their independence. In World War I, Spain remained neutral despite all invitations, but was greatly affected by the war. After the leftists were successful in the elections held in 1936, a civil war broke out in the country. With the end of the civil war in 1939, Franco became President. II. In Spain, which did not participate in World War II, Franco maintained his position after the war with the support of the army. Following the death of Franco in 1975, the parliament, which served as a constitutional institution called Constituent Cortes with the elections held in 1977, convened to change the constitution and issued the 1978 constitution. As a result, Spain was divided into 17 autonomous states and 2 autonomous cities. Mavimore Turizm is a travel agency registered with TÜRSAB. Document number: A-8307